The ID of the matching part would be based on the number of threads per inch assuming the standard 60 degree thread. The pitch diameter is the standard method of measuring a thread. This would be the match up for an internal thread plus allowing for class of fit. Considering the limited...
If you haven't broken a small tap yet you're in for a humbling experience. Most taps are broken due to misalignment or failure to relieve the chips by backing off. You can counter this to some extent by a drilling a small pilot hole in a piece of scrap equal to the diameter of the tap body...
Just some advice from a former tool and die maker and later tool designer for GM. Bite the bullet , hollow mill the darn thing out, insert a helo- coil if available, if not insert a pressed bushing with locktight. On the other hand you may get lucky and smash the tap with a prick punch, picking...