Engine parts (cylinder, piston, orings)

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Novian

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I was able to get my hands on some free 3' worth of 1.5" Brass round, and I'm going to use some for my C-O2 8 Cylinder Radial Engine cylinders. I was originally going to use aluminum for the cylinders, and 303 steel for the pistons.

I know that you usually want the harder of the two metals to be the cylinder, since pistons are easier to replace. What material should I use for the pistons since I'm now using brass cylinders? I was thinking of making sets out aluminum which I have readily available, and UHMW.

Should I use piston rings? Quad rings look interesting. I read that having o-rings only at the top of the piston causes the piston to tilt, causing excessive wear on two sides turning the cylinder oval shaped. Why doesnt this happen to full size automobile engines?

Thanks,

Ian
 
If it were me I would use plastic (delrin) pistons with no ring. You dont deed the ring so why add the friction.


DSCN2073s.jpg
 
What is the difference between delrin and UHMW other than the price and the possible lower coefficient of friction? Is delrin stronger? Piston is 1/2" diameter with similar connecting rod cut out that you posted. Also, even though delrin is smooth sliding would it still be best to use some sort of oil or WD40? One thing though in my first piston I made out of aluminum, the drill bit i used created a scratched tool marked surface (looks similar to a crosshatch hone) with out reaming, but it feels smooth to the fingers, which I suppose would be good for retaining said oil.

Ian
 
I don't use any lube. Plastic and oil are a bad combination. I have run this engine at shows for about 2 years now. It runs for 7-9 hours a day non stop. Once we didn't have a dryer and the air was so wet it was spitting water. With ally cylinder and plastic piston, everything was fine. It's still like new after over 100 hours of service.
 
AssassinXCV said:
What is the difference between delrin and UHMW other than the price and the possible lower coefficient of friction? Is delrin stronger? Piston is 1/2" diameter with similar connecting rod cut out that you posted. Also, even though delrin is smooth sliding would it still be best to use some sort of oil or WD40? One thing though in my first piston I made out of aluminum, the drill bit i used created a scratched tool marked surface (looks similar to a crosshatch hone) with out reaming, but it feels smooth to the fingers, which I suppose would be good for retaining said oil.

Ian

According to Lehigh Valley Plastics, Delrin adsorbes water while UHMW does not. Additionally, the coefficient of friction is lower for UHMW than for Delrin.

Alan
 
Don't over complicate things.

These small air engines you are making will usually last a lifetime as they are not run 24/7, but the odd minute or two every so often.

Unless you go for auto galling fits of say ali against ali, almost any combination will work within reason, so use the cheapest and what you have knocking around to make them out of, even pieces of hardwood can be used as pistons

Enjoying the making and getting them to run is a lot more important than getting aerospace products together that would make them last thousands of years of running non stop.

Old bolts, even bits of metal you pick up in the street, can all most probably be used for making and running these little engines.

Even my old finger engine made out of string, bits of twigs, a tiny bit of ali tube, a wire coathanger and a few screws and superglue still amazes people when they come into my shop for a play.

Use what you have readily available, and enjoy yourself without worrying about compatibility problems.


John
 
Bogstandard said:
Don't over complicate things.

These small air engines you are making will usually last a lifetime as they are not run 24/7, but the odd minute or two every so often.

Unless you go for auto galling fits of say ali against ali, almost any combination will work within reason, so use the cheapest and what you have knocking around to make them out of, even pieces of hardwood can be used as pistons

Enjoying the making and getting them to run is a lot more important than getting aerospace products together that would make them last thousands of years of running non stop.

Old bolts, even bits of metal you pick up in the street, can all most probably be used for making and running these little engines.

Even my old finger engine made out of string, bits of twigs, a tiny bit of ali tube, a wire coathanger and a few screws and superglue still amazes people when they come into my shop for a play.

Use what you have readily available, and enjoy yourself without worrying about compatibility problems.


John

Well said John,

I always think that we should leave the arcane secrets to NASA and just enjoy making engines that get run infrequently. I am reminded of an article in a past Model Engineer Magazine concerning a young Indian lad who appeared out of a remote village with a perfectly good working model steam engine made from bits and pieces of metal he had found. He had only once seen a working engine but was able to make his little model with only a few hand tools, ingenuity and an inquisitive mind. He probably owns Tatar Steel now ;)

Regards

Terry

P.S. just as an aside, the words 'engineer,' 'ingenious' and 'ingenuity' all derive from the same Latin root - ingenium (skill, talent etc).
 
I'm With you John & Terry ! :bow:


Ian.
 
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